#periods 
Many women suffer pain or discomfort during {menstruation}, often a dragging or cramping sensation in the lower abdomen. Other common problems include irregularity, emotional upset, puffiness, {migraine}, pain, heavy discharge & bleeding after {menopause}. Painful periods are more a fact of life than a sign of ill health. If, however, you feel pain, seek medical advice.


{Periods} normally start between the ages of 11-14 (but CAN vary between 9-17) & finish permanently during middle age ({menopause}). If they haven't started by 14, consult your doctor for reassurance. An absent period may indicate {pregnancy}, but can also be attributed to illness, {stress} or strenuous activity. It rarely implies an underlying disorder.


Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS or PMT), covers a wide range of physical & emotional symptoms during the week before a {menstrual} period. 90% of women at some time suffer PMS, which although troublesome, is harmless. It's caused by natural changes in the balance of {hormones}, which leads to a build-up of salt & fluids in the body. Symptoms may include:


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emotions - irritable, nervous, moody, tearful, depressed
{fatigue}
headaches
bloated, puffy feeling
slight weight gain
tenderness of {breasts}


abdominal pain
acne
backache
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The best solution is to explain your condition to close family & friends & adjust your routine to avoid extra {stress}.


Sometimes, taking exercise, eating a balanced diet & reducing salt intake can help. {PMS} usually disappears after a few years or after {pregnancy}. If it becomes intolerable to you & your friends, seek medical advice. {Hormone} treatment & psychological counselling may be recommended for women with serious PMS. 


Irregular {periods} & blood loss between normal periods may include occasional light spotting or heavier. Bleeding between periods, especially if accompanied by pain, or if it occurs in older women, may be a sign of serious underlying problem. Seek medical advice.